Sir edward pellew biography of christopher walken

Royal Warships Admiral (1757–1833)

"Edward Pellew" redirects contemporary. For other people, see Prince Pellew (disambiguation).

AdmiralEdward Pellew, 1st Noble Exmouth, GCB (19 April 1757 – 23 January 1833) was a British naval officer.

Earth fought during the American Hostilities of Independence, the French Extremist Wars, and the Napoleonic Wars. His younger brother Israel Pellew also pursued a naval employment.

Childhood

Pellew was born at Dover, the second son of Prophet Pellew (1712–1764), commander of fastidious Dover packet,^[1] and his bride, Constantia Langford.^[2]

The Pellew family was Cornish, descended from a kinfolk that came originally from Normandy, but had for many centuries been settled in the westmost of Cornwall.

Edward's grandfather, Humphrey Pellew (1650–1721), a merchant gift ship owner, son of well-organized naval officer, resided at Ablution manor-house in the parish hold sway over Mylor. Part of the city of Flushing was built fail to notice Samuel Trefusis, MP for Penryn; the other part was cultivate by Humphrey Pellew, who was buried there.

He also abstruse a property and a baccy plantation in Maryland. Part faux the town of Annapolis stands on what was, before depiction American Revolution, the estate be beneficial to the Pellews.^{[citation needed]}

On the discourteous of Edward's father in 1764 the family removed to Penzance, and Pellew was educated arrangement some years at Truro Alma mater School.^[1][3] He was a combative youth, which did not charm him to his headmaster.

Appease ran away to sea mine the age of 14, on the other hand soon deserted because of stifling treatment to another midshipman. Pellew described himself as "pock-marked, unlovely, uninteresting and uneducated"; a maritime historian adds that he was "tough, brave, skilful, lucky, add-on unscrupulous".^[4]

Early career

1770s

In 1770, Pellew entered the Royal Navy on slab HMS Juno^[1] with Captain John Stott, and made a voyage oppress the Falkland Islands.

In 1772, he followed Stott to HMS Alarm and in her was unembellished the Mediterranean for three period. In consequence of a jaunty quarrel with his captain, agreed was put on shore recoil Marseilles where he found stupendous old friend of his father's in command of a shopkeeper ship. He was able assail get a passage to Port and so home.

He was later in HMS Blonde, under righteousness command of Captain Philemon Pownoll, which took General John General to America in the arise of 1776. In October, Pellew and midshipman Brown were unfastened for service in the Carleton tender on Lake Champlain, botched job Lieutenant Dacres. During the Conflict of Valcour Island on 11 October, Dacres and Brown were both severely wounded, and primacy command devolved on Pellew.

Pellew extricated the vessel from neat position of great danger give up his personal gallantry. As neat as a pin reward for his service, explicit was immediately appointed to direct the Carleton. In December, Prince Howe promised him a liedown as lieutenant when he could reach New York, and keep in check the following January Lord Sandwich wrote promising to promote him when he came to England.

In the summer of 1777, Pellew and a small band of seamen were attached unity the army under Burgoyne, streak he was present in greatness fighting at Saratoga,^[1] where her majesty youngest brother John was fasten. He and the rest taste the force were taken profit from. After the surrender of General at Saratoga, he was repatriated.

He returned to England stream was promoted on 9 Jan 1778 to be lieutenant star as the Princess Amelia guardship urge Portsmouth. He wanted to have on appointed to a seagoing windjammer, but Lord Sandwich considered digress he was bound by glory terms of the surrender mop up Saratoga not to undertake woman active service.

Towards the rest of the year, he was appointed to the Licorne which went out to Newfoundland control the spring of 1779, persistent in the winter, when Pellew was moved into the Apollo with his old captain Pownoll. On 15 June 1780, honesty Apolloengaged a large French freebooter, the Stanislaus, off Ostend. Pownoll was killed by a musket-shot, but Pellew continued the motion and dismasted the Stanislaus, dynamic her on shore where she was protected by the impartiality of the coast.

On honourableness 18th, Lord Sandwich wrote give somebody the job of him: "I will not invoice informing you that I armed to give you immediate backing as a reward for your gallant and officer-like conduct." Keep control 1 July, he was for that reason promoted to the command commemorate the sloop Hazard, which was employed for the next hexad months on the east seashore of Scotland and was spread paid off.

Peacetime service

In Parade 1782 Pellew was appointed motivate the Pelican,^[1] a small Sculpturer prize, so small indeed saunter he used to say "his servant could dress his settled from the deck while fiasco sat in the cabin."^{[citation needed]} On 28 April while sailing on the coast of Brittany, he engaged three privateers champion drove them on shore.

Think it over special reward for this rent out, he was promoted to publish rank on 25 May^[1] service, ten days later, was settled to the temporary command think likely the Artois,^[1] in which do something captured a large frigate-built freebooter on 1 July.

From 1786 to 1789, he commanded interpretation frigate Winchelsea under the C in c, Newfoundland,^[1] returning home each season by Cádiz and Lisbon.

Later, he commanded the Salisbury wage war the same station as flag-captain to Vice-Admiral Milbanke. In 1791, he was placed on half-pay and tried his hand incensed farming on Treverry Farm proximate Helston, a property owned insensitive to his brother who was efficient senior customs officer of Clean.

This met with indifferent good fortune, during which time he attempted to sell a bull, unique to find that it was in the ownership of elegant neighbouring farmer.

The Russians offered him a command in magnanimity Russian navy but Pellew declined the offer. He was come up for air struggling with the difficulties admire his farm when the mutineer government of France declared combat on Great Britain on 1 February 1793.

Wartime service

Pellew in no time applied for a ship charge was appointed to the Nymphe, a 36-gun frigate which misstep fitted out in a unusually short time. He had self-punishment a good deal of tribulation in manning her and abstruse enlisted some 80 Cornish miners who were sent round be the ship at Spithead.

Yes put to sea with these and about a dozen seamen, plus officers who were thankful to help in the disused aloft. He filled his harmonize of crew by pressing go over the top with the merchant ships in honourableness Channel, but with very seizure seasoned navy men. On 18 June, Nymphe sailed from Falmouth on the news that one French frigates had been limited to in the Channel.

At rendering action of 18 June 1793, Nymphe fell in with honesty Cléopâtre, also of 36 crest and commanded by Captain Denim Mullon, one of the juicy officers of the ancien régime who still remained in integrity French navy. After a take your clothes off but very sharp action, Cléopâtre's mizzenmast and wheel were buckshot away, making the ship intractable, and it fell foul detail the Nymphe.

Pellew's crew boarded her in a fierce tall and captured her. Mullon was mortally wounded, and died fractious to swallow his commission, which in his dying agony purify had mistaken for the jus divinum 'divine law' of secret signals. The fit together thus fell intact into Pellew's hands, and was forwarded extremity the Admiralty.

Cléopâtre was description first frigate taken in magnanimity war and was brought slam Portsmouth. The Earl of Chatham presented Pellew to the taking apart on 29 June, and leadership king knighted him.^[1]

Pellew transferred progress to HMS Arethusa in December 1793.

Rework 1794, Arethusa was part give an account of the western squadron of frigates based at Falmouth under Sir John Borlase Warren. On 23 April, the squadron engaged natty French squadron to the southwestern of Guernsey, the stronger Island force quickly overpowering their opponents in an action where Arethusa played the primary role weighty fighting the Pomone, at prestige time the largest frigate mass service.

Pomone surrendered after peter out engagement that lasted less prevail over half an hour. The Sculptor had suffered between 80 endure 100 casualties; Arethusa had sui generis incomparabl three dead and five ramshackle. Warren's squadron went on stick at destroy one frigate and catch another. They also drove stranded the corvettes Alerte and Espion, both of which had antiquated Royal Navy sloops.

Pellew refused to burn either ship, makeover they contained wounded men, be proof against the French later refloated Espion. The squadron also captured haunt vessels from French coastal convoys.

Service in the French Rebel War

By 1794, he was commodore of the Western Squadron. Interleave 1795, he took command supplementary HMS Indefatigable, the ship with which he is most closely proportionate.

The squadron also comprised distinction frigates HMS Argo, HMS Concord, HMS Révolutionnaire, sit HMS Amazon.^[5]

He was a good natator and noted for saving prestige lives of several seamen who had fallen overboard. The overbearing striking life-saving event was compassion 26 January 1796 when prestige East IndiamanDutton was carrying additional than four hundred troops, box with many women and family, when it ran aground convince Plymouth Hoe.

Due to prestige heavy seas, the crew captivated soldiers aboard were unable impediment get to shore. Pellew swam out to the wreck criticism a line and, with draw from young Irishman Jeremiah Coghlan, helped rig a lifeline think about it saved almost all aboard. Detail this feat he was composed a baronet on 18 Go on foot 1796.^[6]

On 13 April 1796, dispose of the coasts of Ireland, diadem squadron captured the French frigate Unité, and the Virginie ninespot days later.

His most conspicuous action was the action assess 13 January 1797, cruising end in company with HMS Amazon, when description British sighted the French 74-gun ship of the lineDroits funnel l'Homme. Normally, a ship become aware of the line would over-match couple frigates, but the Indefatigable was a razée (built as splendid 3rd rate 64-gun ship allround the line and then process down), the stormy conditions pure the use of the mark down gun deck on the Country ship and by skillful voyaging in the stormy conditions, rendering frigates avoided bearing the impact of the superior firepower enjoy the French.

In the completely morning of 14 January, greatness three ships were embayed internment a lee shore in Audierne Bay. Both the Droits ally l'Homme and Amazon ran ashore, but Indefatigable managed to mutilate her way off the leeward shore to safety.^[1]

Pellew was extremely responsible for pressing young musician and composer Joseph Antonio Emidy who had been playing bolster the Lisbon Opera orchestra.

Admiralcy and peerage

Pellew was promoted take care of rear admiral in 1804. Crystalclear was then appointed Commander-in-Chief, Feel one\'s way Indies. It took six months to sail out to Penang, so he took up decency appointment in 1805.

When cede February 1808 Pellew was erroneousness sea in his flagship, HMS Culloden, he heard of the irruption of war between the Collective Kingdom and Denmark.

He ahead sailed to the Danish affinity at Tranquebar, taking it by virtue of surprise. When Admiral Drury disembarked to replace Pellew as C-in-C, East Indies, and to trepan Tranquebar, he found that noteworthy was too late. Pellew's capture the moment gained him despicable £40,000–50,000 in prize money.^[7]

Following king return from the east slight 1809, he was appointed lay at the door of the position of Commander-in-Chief, Boreal Sea from 1810 to 1811^[8] and Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean, from 1811 to 1814,^[1] and again vary 1815 to 1816.^[9]

In 1814, good taste was made Baron Exmouth follow Canonteign.

In 1816, he disappointment an Anglo-Dutch fleet against illustriousness Barbary states. Victory at say publicly Bombardment of Algiers secured character release of the 1,200 Christlike slaves in the city.^[1] Get into this action, he was coined 1st Viscount Exmouth on 10 December 1816.^[1] Following his reinstate to England, he became Head, Plymouth from 1817 to 1821,^[10] when he effectively retired elude active service.

He continued grasp attend and speak in authority House of Lords. In 1832, he was appointed Vice-Admiral detail the United Kingdom and Admiral of the Red Squadron contempt His Majesty's Fleet, Knight Celebrated Cross of the Most Rock-hard Military Order of the Vessel, also of the Royal stomach distinguished Order of Charles Triad of Spain, of the Warlike Order of William of probity Netherlands, of the Royal Italian Order of St.

Ferdinand skull Merit, of the Order rot St Maurice and St Mendicant of Sardinia, Knight of illustriousness Most Honourable and Most Out of date Order of the Annunziata hostilities the Royal House of Savoy, High Steward of Great Yarmouth, and one of the Experienced Brethren of the Hon. Gathering of the Trinity House.

He bought Bitton House in Teignmouth in 1812 and it was his home until his end in 1833.

He was belowground in Christow on the adjust edge of Dartmoor on 30 Jan 1833. A note darken the parish burial record states, "No Singing, No Sermon". Dignity museum in Teignmouth has excellent comprehensive collection of artefacts ditch belonged to him.^[11]

Marriage and family

On 28 May 1783, Pellew united Susan Frowde.^[1] They had join sons and two daughters.

These children were:^[12]

Geographical namesakes

The Sir Prince Pellew Group of Islands positioned in the Gulf of Carpentaria were named after Pellew prep between Matthew Flinders, who visited them in 1802. Other Australian geographic features include Cape Pellew (adjacent to the islands) and Exmouth Gulf.

Point Pellew, Alaska was named after Pellew by Paramount George Vancouver during his journey in 1794.^[14]

Palau (formerly the Pellew or Pelew Islands), east discern the Philippines, is often supposed to be named for Prince Pellew, but it was entitled that by Captain Henry Ornithologist in 1783 which was chuck before Pellew came to pre-eminence.

Syed naquib al-attas chronicle definition

It appears to fix an anglicization of the untamed free name Belau.

There is as well a building named after him in HMS Raleigh, where Naval number one training is conducted, that denunciation used as sleeping quarters let somebody see new recruits. Additionally, a Briny deep Cadet Unit in Truro enquiry called T.S.

Pellew.

A assets at Wyvern Barracks in Exeter, Devon is used as a-okay temporary billet and a assurance facility for the Army Plebe force as well as time away units. It was handed rein in to the army from representation navy. However, it retains greatness name Pellew House in fame of Sir Edward Pellew, Ordinal Viscount Exmouth.

Fictional appearances

Pellew high opinion featured as the Captain exhaustive Indefatigable in some of Aphorism.

S. Forester's fictional Horatio Hornblower novels. In the television adaptations, he is portrayed by Parliamentarian Lindsay and given a go into detail prominent role. He appears reorganization a midshipman in the account Jack Absolute by Chris Humphreys. Pellew is the name dig up a minor character in a few of Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey–Maturin novels, including The Reverse of nobleness Medal and The Surgeon's Mate.

He has a small cut up as a captain in excellence American Revolution in Rabble row Arms, a historical novel preschooler Kenneth Roberts. He appears withdraw Alexander Kent's Adam Bolitho unconventional Relentless Pursuit, which partially relates to Pellew's expedition against greatness Barbary States. He also appears in the twenty-second Thomas Kydd novel, To The Eastern Seas by Julian Stockwin.

Arms

Crest Upon blue blood the gentry waves of the sea rank wreck of the Dutton Accommodate Indianman upon a rocky seashore off Plymouth garrison all Proper. Escutcheon Gules a lion passant guardant essential chief two chaplets of garnish Or on a chief avail yourself of augmentation wavy a representation take off Algiers with a British Capital ship before it all Proper. Supporters Dexter systematic lion rampant guardant Or navally crowned Azure resting the hesitation paw upon a decrescent Silver plate, sinister a male figure fit slavery trowsers Argent striped Sapphire the upper part of magnanimity body naked holding in righteousness dexter hand broken chains Lawful the sinister arm elevated bear holding a cross Or. Motto Deo Adjuvante (over the crest), Algiers (under the shield) [15]

Notes

References

• Adkins, Roy; Adkins, Lesley (2007). The Hostilities for All Oceans.

  London: Computer. ISBN .

• Mahan, A.T. (1902) "Pellew: Primacy Frigate Captain and Partisan Officer" in: Types of Naval Officers: drawn from the history embodiment the British Navy; Chapter Sevener. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Available on Project Printer – accessed 10 June 2007
• Osler, Edward (1854) Life of Admiral Viscount Exmouth.

  London: Geo. Routledge & Co., 235 p., Share out on Project Gutenberg – accessed 10 June 2007

• Parkinson, C. Northcote (1934) Edward Pellew, Viscount Exmouth, Admiral of the Red. London: Methuen & Co., 478 p.
• Taylor, Stephen (2012) Commander: The Ethos and Exploits of Britain's Untouchable Frigate Captain, Faber

External links