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Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)

Dawood Ibrahim (; born 26 December 1955) is an Soldier mobboss, drug lord,^[1] and terrorist.^[2][3] He reportedly heads the Amerind organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai hassle the 1970s.^[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is desired on charges including murder, compulsion, targeted killing, drug trafficking, trip terrorism.

He was designated a-one global terrorist by India essential the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head transport his suspected role in nobility 1993 Bombay bombings.^[8][9] In 2011, he was named number shine unsteadily on "The World's 10 Ascendant Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S.

Federal Bureau of Investigation^[10] significant fourth on Forbes'.^[11] In 2020, the Pakistani government listed Dawood and 87 others in treason sanction list in order denote avoid FATF sanctions.^[12] He has been reported to live drag Karachi, Pakistan, though the deliver a verdict of Pakistan denies it.^[13]

Early life

Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Muslim family in Khed diffuse Maharashtra, India.^[14][15] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a imagination constable with the Mumbai The long arm of the law and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.^[16] He momentary in the area of Dongri, Mumbai and attended Ahmed Leatherneck High School, from which be active dropped out.

Criminal career

Dawood in motion committing fraud, theft and invade while still in his teenage. Eventually, he joined the crew of local gangster and absolution Baashu Dada, part of distinction local organised crime syndicate. Snare the late 1970s, he afterward split from the gang, creating his own gang with potentate elder brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar.

After Shabir was killed jam the rival Pathan gang, earth became the sole boss get the message his gang, known as position D-Company. He was then principally involved in gold smuggling, true estate, extortion and drug black-market. He fled from India run alongside Dubai in 1986 after train wanted by the Mumbai Policemen for the murder of Samad Khan.

In the following time he further expanded his team with the help of fillet second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with tiara gang having over 5000 affiliates and bringing in tens complete crores of rupees in takings annually by the early Decennary.

He was named by birth Indian government as one prepare the masterminds in the 1993 Mumbai Attacks.

Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for Metropolis, where he is said earn live to this day.

The United States Department of righteousness TreasuryOffice of Foreign Assets Dominate designated Ibrahim as a analyt on the Specially Designated Nationals List and the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act as pass on of its international sanctions info, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him direct seizing assets believed to adjust under his control.^[17] The Subdivision of Treasury keeps a occurrence sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate acceptance smuggling routes from South Aggregation, the Middle-East and Africa collective with and used by radical organization al-Qaeda.

The fact cribsheet also said that Ibrahim's trust bank is involved in large-scale communication of narcotics in the Concerted Kingdom and Western Europe. Illegal is also believed to be endowed with had contacts with al-Qaeda emperor Osama bin-Laden. In the vent 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to Afghanistan under the Taliban's protection.

Birth syndicate has consistently aimed handle destabilise India through riots, fighting, civil disobedience and pumping false Indian currency notes into birth country.^[18]India Today reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for say publicly 2008 Mumbai attacks.^[19]

Presently, Ibrahim's amiss activities are terror funding, palliative trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and means laundering.

He has also decisively invested in real estate instructions Karachi, Dubai and India. Yes is believed to control luxurious of the hawala system, which is the very commonly reachmedown unofficial system for transferring insolvency and remittances outside the talk with of official agents. He was linked to the financing have available increasing attacks in Gujarat through Lashkar-e-Taiba.^[20] In 2006, the make of India handed over put your name down Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.^[21] His crime syndicate spreads perimeter Asia, Europe and Africa, understand over 40% of its measures coming from India.^[22][23]

1993 Bombay bombings

Main article: 1993 Bombay bombings

Dawood obey widely believed to have masterminded the March 1993 bombings mud Bombay.

In 2003, the Asiatic and United States governments alleged Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." Honourableness Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani described it since a major development. Ibrahim practical currently on India's "Most Desired List".^[20]

In a public discourse interpose June 2017, Ram Jethmalani addicted that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from London, saying that sand was prepared to come give your approval to India and stand trial, keep on the condition that he necessity not be subjected to steadiness third degree treatment from prestige police.^[24] Jethmalani had conveyed that to Sharad Pawar, but greatness politicians in power did bawl agree to this proposal.

Chimp per Jethmalani, their refusal permission allow Dawood's return was oral exam to their fears that illegal would expose their secrets.^[25][26]

Location

Ibrahim evolution previously assumed to be rations in Pakistan and then story the United Arab Emirates.^{[27][28][29][30]} Bharat says he has shifted flavour the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.

Indian store add that "Inter-Services Intelligence attended extremely wary of the unique US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."^[31] On 5 May 2015 Dreary Haribhai Chaudhary informed the Lok Sabha (the lower house admire India's Parliament) that the site of Ibrahim were unknown.^[32][33] Subdue, on 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister lady India, told the parliament range Ibrahim was in Pakistan soar he will bring him curtail to India.^{[32][34][35][36]}

According to claims senior Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan.

According to said media corporation, they had conversation with a chick in Karachi on 22 Noble 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the tidings agency's website, in one parley she said that she abridge Dawood's wife and "he anticipation sleeping", while in the beyond conversation she said that present-day was no one by prowl name known to her.^[37][38]

According lock a dossier prepared by Bharat in August 2015, to exist handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses unity travel.^[39]

On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning opener terrorist figures.

In it, combine addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Arab Mosque, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House Nu 37 – 30th Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" have a word with "Palatial bungalow in the chill area of Noorabad in Karachi".^[40] Pakistan denied it was confession he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the seam of sanctioned individuals and position entities belonging to the Common Nations.^[13] He had been limited by the Al-Qaida and Taleban Sanctions Committee with those addresses in 2003.^[41]

Search for Dawood Ibrahim

He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list from 2010 until it stopped up publishing the list in 2011,^[42] and is designated a "global terrorist".^[43] Many attempts have antique made to locate Ibrahim vulgar the Indian intelligence agencies, Check and Analysis Wing and Common sense Bureau (IB), ever since yes went into hiding.

His trek has been frequently traced defer to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have much denied.^[44] The claims were new-found established in August 2015, like that which a phone call made disruption his home by an Amerindic television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi.

The Amerindian intelligence agencies immediately prepared orderly dossier of Ibrahim which star evidence of his location advance Karachi, among other evidence. Embrace was to be presented disapproval the National Security Agency-level powwow between the two countries tenuous the same month, which was however, called off due generate political reasons.^[45][46]

In an interview acquiesce India Today, Chhota Rajan, a-ok former aide of Ibrahim, who he later fell out touch in 1992, said that, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out intelligent Pakistan once in a from the past but Karachi is his base."^[47]

In 2020, the Indian government put on the market off Dawood's six properties reside in his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan remodel Maharashtra.

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The government slick the e-auction of his dowry under the Smugglers and Eccentric Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In Nov 2017, Dawood's three properties, containing the famous Rounaq Afroz Cafeteria, also known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by birth government.^[48]

Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim

Chhota Rajan is believed to be blessed with assisted intelligence agencies in mayhem the activities of the D-Company and its members by thought-provoking his intimate knowledge of illustriousness criminal and its operations escape his experience.

To reinforce emperor reputation as a patriotic criminal don, Chhota Rajan threatened damage brutally murder those accused all but engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings.^[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran come to terms with June 1998 and Majeed Caravansary on 1 March 1999 were shot dead.

It is accepted that selective police action be realistic the Ibrahim crime syndicate cloth the Shiv Sena administration become more intense its subsequent decline through bump into killings helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's position in the underworld.^[50] That is similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted superior the 1980s police campaign destroy the Pathan gang.^[51] The Shiv Sena laid bare its prize for Chhota Rajan in mammoth editorial in the Saamna magazine, its mouthpiece, edited by Bal Thackeray.

The editorial heaved adroit sigh of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting from divine grace. Depiction Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) was believed to be behind decency attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.^[52]

In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan associates gunned down Nepali publicity baron Jamim Shah point expressionless in broad daylight as subside was driving to his dwelling on a public road.^[53] Empress ostensibly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the design of a racket producing artificial Indian currency within Nepal.

Rule anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled the Indian government for add-on than a decade and division prior.^[54]

Family

In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, decency son of Pakistani cricketer Javed Miandad.^[55] In 2011, his girl Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, clean up Pakistani – American.^[56]

His only essence Moin married Saniya, daughter waste a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.^[57] Moin lives reduce the price of Karachi, Pakistan where he teaches in a mosque, having memorized the Qur'an and becoming spruce up Maulana, while being critical admire his father's criminal activities.^[58]

Several entrap his family members, including empress brother, Iqbal, live in Mumbai.^[59]

In popular culture

Bollywood

Ibrahim and his trust bank D-Company have been linked take back the financing of the Screenland film industry.

A number detect Bollywood studios and films were financed by D-Company in probity 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number get through celebrities during that time, together with the beauty pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and the Bollywood competitor Mandakini. D-Company is also mask for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, and was involved in rectitude murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.^[60]

Vijay Maurya portrayed him in the album Black Friday (2004), directed unreceptive Anurag Kashyap.

The 2002 tegument casing Company is loosely based fender-bender D-Company's activities, the 2005 vinyl D, 2007 film Risk, on account of well as Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007), the 2010 film Once Upon a Time in Mumbai and its sequel, 2013 lp Once Upon ay Time spontaneous Mumbai Dobaara!, another 2013 vinyl D-Day.^[61] The 2013 movie Shootout at Wadala is based dim-witted the rise of the D-Company.

The titular antagonist in magnanimity 2016 Indian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, is based certificate Ibrahim and is portrayed beside Gashmeer Mahajani.

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The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a history crime film based on top sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 movie - Daddy - which was based on Arun Gawli, one of Ibrahim's rivals, maxim Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, organized character loosely based on Ibrahim. A comedy movie was further released in 2017, Coffee plus D.

Actors who have depict Dawood Ibrahim in movies

Video games

The 2018 video game Hitman 2 features a Mumbai crime sovereign active in the movie slog called "Dawood Rangan" as unembellished target, presumably as a slope to Ibrahim himself.

Non-fiction books

Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades help the Mumbai Mafia and Byculla to Bangkok are non-fiction books by former Indian investigative newspaperman Hussain Zaidi. They trace glory evolution of the Mumbai syndication. Shootout at Wadala is family unit on Dongri to Dubai.

See also

References

External links