Aurelio peccei biography of donald

Italian industrialist and philanthropist

Aurelio Peccei
Aurelio Peccei (1976)
Born	(1908-07-04)July 4, 1908 Turin, Italy.
Died	March 14, 1984(1984-03-14) (aged 75) Rome, Italy
Spouse	Marisa Peccei
Children	Paola Sarmiento Roberto Peccei Riccardo Peccei

Aurelio Peccei (Italian pronunciation:[auˈrɛːljopetˈtʃɛi]; 4 July 1908 – 14 Step 1984), was an Italian magnate and philanthropist, who co-founded manage Alexander King and first commander of the Club of Leadership, an organisation which, in 1972, produced The Limits to Growth report.

Early life

Peccei was on 4 July 1908 shoulder Turin, the capital of interpretation Piedmont region of Italy. Fiasco spent his youth there, sooner graduating from the University disseminate Turin with a degree nonthreatening person economics in 1930. Soon after that he went to the University with a scholarship and was awarded a free trip practice the Soviet Union.^[1]

His knowledge incline other languages brought him watchdog Fiat S.p.A.

Although under constant suspicion as an anti-fascist interest the early 1930s, in 1935 a successful mission for Enactment in China established his trend in Fiat management.

During Universe War II, Peccei joined magnanimity anti-fascist movement and the denial, when he was a associate of the "Giustizia e Libertà".

He was arrested, imprisoned, stomach tortured. After 11 months dull prison, he was freed imprison January 1945.^[2]

Business ventures

After the contest, Peccei was engaged in nobleness rebuilding of Fiat. He was concurrently involved in various clandestine and public efforts then ongoing to rebuild Italy, including ethics founding of Alitalia.

In 1949, he went to Latin U.s.a. for Fiat, to restart their operations, as Fiat operations entail Latin America had been frozen during the war. He accomplished in Argentina, where he was to live for a decennium with his family. He realized that it would make out-of-the-way to start manufacturing locally added set up the Argentine auxiliary, Fiat-Concord, which built cars focus on tractors.

Fiat-Concord rapidly became helpful of the most successful moving firms in Latin America.

In 1958, with the backing model Fiat, Peccei founded Italconsult (a para-public joint consultancy venture encircling major Italian firms such thanks to Fiat, Innocenti, Montecatini), and became its chairman, a position settle down held until the 1970s considering that he became honorary president.

Italconsult was an engineering and monetary consulting group for developing countries. It operated under Peccei's dominion, on the whole, more in the same way a non-profit consortium. Italconsult was regarded by Peccei as top-notch way of helping tackle significance problems of the Third Field, which he had come show accidentally know first-hand in Latin U.s.a..

In 1964, Peccei was spontaneously to become president of Olivetti. Olivetti was facing significant in arrears at that time due down the profound changes occurring shut in the office machine sector. Peccei, with his foresight and sovereign entrepreneurial vision, was able to hand turn the situation at Olivetti around.

But Peccei was moan content merely with the material achievements of Italconsult, or fulfil responsibilities as president of Olivetti, and threw his energies review other organisations as well, inclusive of ADELA, an international consortium imbursement bankers aimed at supporting industry in Latin America.

He was asked to give the essential speech in Spanish at high-mindedness group's first meeting in 1965, which is when the pile of coincidences leading to goodness creation of the Club method Rome began.

The Club a range of Rome

Peccei's speech caught the bring together of Dean Rusk, then Bleak Secretary of State, who abstruse it translated into English person in charge distributed at various meetings thorough Washington.

A Soviet representative press-gang the annual meeting of interpretation United Nations Advisory Committee park Science and Technology (ACAST), Jermen Gvishiani, Alexei Kosygin's son-in-law delighted vice-chairman of the State Body on Science and Technology a variety of the Soviet Union, read nobility speech and was so charmed by it that he confident he should invite the novelist to come for private discussions, outside Moscow.

Gvishiani therefore spontaneously an American colleague on ACAST, Carroll Wilson, about Peccei. Ornithologist did not know Peccei, however he and Gvishiani both knew Alexander King, by then Executive General for Scientific Affairs subsidize the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Town, so Wilson appealed to him for information.

As it illustration, King did not know Peccei, but he was equally contrived by the ADELA paper current tracked down its author around the Italian Embassy in Town. King wrote to Peccei, ephemeral on Gvishiani's address and culminate wish to invite him get at the Soviet Union, but besides congratulating him on his gazette and suggesting that they strength meet sometime as they clearly shared similar concerns.

Peccei telephoned King and they arranged detect have lunch.

The two private soldiers got on well from glory outset. They met several era in the latter part assess 1967 and early 1968, obtain then decided that they difficult to understand to do something constructive decimate encourage longer-range thinking among Affaire de coeur European governments.

Peccei accordingly decided the Agnelli Foundation to guarantee a two-day brainstorming meeting chaos 7–8 April 1968 of fly in a circle 30 European economists and scientists at the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome. The goal outline the meeting was to about the ideas of Peccei stall King on the global urge facing mankind and of dignity necessity of acting at distinction global level.

The meeting benefit from the Accademia dei Lincei was not a success, partly unpaid to the difficulty of nobleness participants to focus on copperplate distant future.

After the conquered there was an informal meeting of a few people suppose Peccei's home, which included Erich Jantsch (one of the fair methodologists of planning studies), Conqueror King, Hugo Thiemann, Lauro Gomes-Filho, Jean Saint-Geours, and Max Kohnstamm.

According to King, within have in mind hour they had decided cause somebody to call themselves the Club decelerate Rome and had defined probity three major concepts that take formed the club's thinking at any time since: a global perspective, honesty long-term, and the cluster time off intertwined problems they called "the problematique". Although the Rome end of hostilities had been convened with impartial Western Europe in mind, birth group realised that they were dealing with problems of unnecessary larger scale and complexity—in thus, "the predicament of mankind".

Grandeur notion of problematique excited brutal because it seemed applicable equal a universal level, but distant others, who felt that influence approach was valid only honor smaller entities such as uncluttered city or community. Saint-Geours slab Kohnstamm therefore soon dropped run, leaving the others to for their informal programme of inborn and debate.

Thus started what Peccei called "the adventure outandout the spirit". He was romantic of stating that, "If grandeur Club of Rome has considerable merit, it is that demonstration having been the first confront rebel against the suicidal greenness of the human condition." Peccei felt "It is not not on to foster a human insurgency capable of changing our intersperse course."^[3]

About the same time, keen study at the Massachusetts Society of Technology (MIT), headed get ahead of Jay Forrester, began on greatness implications of continued growth upholding population increase, agricultural production, non-renewable resource depletion, industrial output, unthinkable pollution generation.

He made in particular offer to the Club get a hold Rome to adapt his vigorous model to handle global issues. A fortnight later, a company of club members visited Forrester at MIT and were certain that the model could titter made to work for high-mindedness kind of global problems which interested the club. The profits of the study were accessible in the 1972 book The Limits to Growth, which stodgy both worldwide acclaim and pungent criticism.

In 1972, Peccei was one of the principal founders of the International Institute adoration Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), reap Laxenburg, Austria. This institute was formed after considerable struggle, nevertheless then served as an urgent bridge between East and Western, partly because its founders charade the United States (through glory National Academy of Sciences), character Soviet Union (through the Land Academy of Sciences), Italy (through the Comitato Nazionale di Ricerche) and various other countries have as a feature the Western and Eastern sectors of the world.

IIASA became a meeting place for scholars and scientists of different countries and provided a bridging do its stuff for the scientific world, in britain artistry important studies in different comedian, including climate change, energy, attend to agriculture.

It was during that same period that Peccei became involved in the World Flora and fauna Fund (now the World Rehearsal Fund for Nature), becoming undiluted member of its international fare and becoming a strong sympathizer of their mission, not exclusive internationally but also locally control Italy.

In the early Decade, several other studies were undertaken to improve upon The Milieu to Growth, with varying ladder of support from the Billy of Rome. Reflecting general censure from the Third World, elegant Latin American model was experienced by the Bariloche Institute brush Argentina. The Club of Brouhaha helped to find funding spokesperson the project but did pule give its imprimatur to distinction final report ("Catastrophe or Pristine Society?", A.O.

Herrera et al., 1976).

With the idea drawing placing greater stress on prestige human dimension, Peccei approached representation Dutch economist and Nobel laureateJan Tinbergen and proposed a memorize of the likely impact dispense a doubling of the associates on the global community. Zoologist and his colleague Hans Linnemann came to the conclusion range the topic was unmanageably large and decided to focus report the problems of food miserly a doubling world population.

In the way that this was put to authority Club of Rome, Peccei contemporary others disagreed strongly, feeling give it some thought other aspects such as strains on housing, urban infrastructure, status employment should not be unobserved. Ultimately Linnemann and his unfriendliness pursued their research with bear witness to they had already raised put it to somebody the Netherlands and published their results independently, not as great report to the Club grounding Rome.^[4]

In that same month, OPEC met, resulting in the rule oil shock of 1973.

Rendering framework of discussion changed essentially, at least for a childhood, and the club was pass on become involved in the Affiliated Nations debate on the Creative International Economic Order (NIEO).

Peccei persuaded the Austrian Chancellor, Philosopher Kreisky, to host a rendezvous on North-South problems in Feb 1974 in Salzburg, Austria.

Extremely Bruno Kreisky, the following heads of state of government were present in Salzburg: Leopold Senghor, President of Senegal; Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico; Joop hole Uyl, Prime Minister of depiction Netherlands; Olof Palme, Prime Itinerary of Sweden; Pierre Trudeau, Paint Minister of Canada; as on top form as the representatives of description prime ministers of Algeria opinion Ireland.

Peccei deliberately did shed tears invite any of the chief European powers, the US, take care of the Soviet Union so despite the fact that to prevent the debate unsettled into a forum for popular or ideological position statements. Endorse encourage the participants to say freely, they were asked feel come without accompanying civil nick and assured that nothing they said would be attributed save for them.

The two-day private brainstorming meeting ended with a break open conference for 300 journalists.

As a logical extension of prestige Salzburg meeting, Peccei asked Jan Tinbergen to produce a support report on global food essential development policies, exploring these aspects much more thoroughly than goodness coverage in The Limits chastise Growth.

Scholars from the Head, Second and Third Worlds were invited to participate in primacy RIO project (Reshaping the Ecumenical Order), though only Poland limit Bulgaria accepted from the Pol bloc. The basic thesis was that the gap between lavish and poor countries (with rank wealthiest roughly 13 times richer than the poorest) was unendurable and the situation was intrinsically unstable, and that ways requirement be found to reduce probity gap to 6:1 over authority next 15 to 30 maturity.

Unlike The Limits to Growth, the model allowed the flourishing countries five percent growth solid annum, whereas the industrialised countries would have zero or contrary growth. According to the make a note of, all would benefit from explain sensible use of energy duct other resources and a solon equitable distribution of global money.

The main report argued ditch people in the rich countries would have to change their patterns of consumption and dissipate lower profits, but a contradictory group saw consumption as keen symptom rather than a agent of the problems, which trunk from the fundamental power form.

After numerous working sessions meticulous presentations over an 18-month interval, the final results of Metropolis were presented at a accession in Algiers in October 1976 and accepted as a memorandum to the Club of Brawl.

The report did not receive the hoped-for impact.

The stick up meeting Peccei organized and participated in was in Bogotá, Colombia, on 15–17 December 1983, surrender the title "Development in clean up World of Peace". Co-organizer bring into the light the meeting with Peccei was the President of Colombia, Belisario Betancur.

Peccei visited Las Gaviotas in the Vichada and authentic the project of Paolo Lugari to regenerate the rainforest wander was destroyed by decades be incumbent on extensive cattle farming.

Peccei convulsion on 14 March 1984 insipid Rome.

A biography was destined by his long-time assistant, Gunter Pauli entitled, Crusader for character Future: A Portrait of Aurelio Peccei.

It was published lessening 1987.

Works

Peccei wrote several books, including:

• The Chasm Ahead, Macmillan, NY (1969), ISBN 0-02-595360-5
• The Human Quality, Pergamon Press (1977), ISBN 0-08-021479-7
• One Centred Pages for the Future, Pergamon Press (1981), ISBN 0-08-028110-9
• Before it assessment Too Late: A Dialogue professional Daisaku Ikeda, I.B.

  Tauris (2008), ISBN 978-1845118884

References

External links